Planetary Tectonics & Geodynamics of Terrestrial Worlds

I study tectonic and geodynamic processes on Venus, Mars, and Ganymede through satellite-based geological mapping, analogue experiments, and numerical modelling — pursuing a comparative understanding of how rocky and icy worlds deform through time.

Planetary Geology Geological Mapping Structural Geology Tectonics Geodynamics Analogue Modelling Numerical Simulation
♀  Venus

Volcanic Resurfacing & Single-Lid Tectonics

Venus lacks plate tectonics yet displays a geologically young, heavily resurfaced terrain. I investigate how mantle plumes, coronae, tessera plateaus, and compressional fold belts record the planet's long-term geodynamic evolution — and what Venus reveals about the limits of Earth-like planetary behaviour.

01 — Structural
Coronae, Tessera & Fracture Mapping

Systematic mapping of coronae morphology, radial and concentric fracture networks, and tessera terrain using Magellan SAR and altimetry — linking surface structural patterns to subsurface plume geometry and heat flux.

02 — Tectonics
Rifting, Fold Belts & Tectonic Regimes

Characterising extensional rift zones, compressional fold-and-thrust belts (chasmata, ridge belts), and the interplay of horizontal stress fields — evaluating whether transient or episodic plate-tectonic episodes are recorded in the structural fabric.

03 — Geodynamics
Mantle Plumes & Lid Regime Evolution

Numerical and analogue models of plume–lithosphere interaction, heat-pipe and stagnant-lid regimes, and resurfacing mechanisms — constraining Venus's thermal history and the conditions under which a planet transitions between tectonic modes.

♂  Mars

Compressional Tectonics & Thick Lithosphere

Mars preserves a four-billion-year tectonic record dominated by its anomalously thick, cold lithosphere. Wrinkle ridges, lobate scarps, and compressional fold systems are the dominant structural expressions — recording global contraction, flexural loading, and the temporal evolution of Martian crustal stress.

01 — Structural
Wrinkle Ridges, Lobate Scarps & Thrust Faults

Mapping wrinkle ridge systems, lobate scarp geometries, and compressional fold-thrust belts using CTX, THEMIS, and HiRISE — measuring shortening magnitudes, fault dips, and cumulative strain to reconstruct the compressional stress history of Martian plains and highlands.

02 — Tectonics
Lithospheric Flexure & Global Contraction

Modelling flexural loading from Tharsis and the resulting compressional stress field, together with global contraction from secular cooling — constraining elastic thickness, strain budgets, and the temporal sequence of compressional tectonics across Mars's geological history.

03 — Geodynamics
Thermal Evolution & Interior Dynamics

Numerical simulations of Martian mantle convection, lithospheric thickening, and thermal contraction — exploring why Mars evolved as a one-plate stagnant-lid planet and how interior cooling drove the compressional tectonic regime observed at the surface.

⬡  Ganymede

Ice Shell Tectonics, Impact Cratering & Interior Structure

Ganymede records a unique episode of extensional ice-shell tectonics, punctuated by some of the solar system's largest impact basins. I study grooved terrain deformation, impact crater morphology via iSALE hydrocode simulations, and the coupling between the subsurface ocean and icy crust — directly relevant to JUICE mission science.

01 — Structural
Grooved Terrain, Palimpsests & Impact Basins

Mapping groove sets, cross-cutting relationships, and multi-ring impact basin structures using Galileo SSI and Voyager imagery — establishing structural chronology, basin rim geometry, and the influence of large impacts on the tectonic fabric of Ganymede's icy lithosphere.

02 — Tectonics
Extensional Faulting & Crater Morphology

Analysing normal fault kinematics in grooved terrain and the anomalous morphology of large craters in ice — central pits, domes, and multi-ring basins whose relaxed forms encode ice rheology and shell thickness at the time of impact.

03 — Geodynamics
iSALE Impact Simulations & Ocean–Ice Coupling

Hypervelocity impact cratering simulations in icy targets using iSALE — modelling shock pressure, melt generation, and crater scaling in layered ice-over-ocean systems. Combined with ocean–ice geodynamic models to interpret the tectonic response to large basin-forming events on icy ocean worlds.

Research Methods

Approaches & Tools

Physical
Analogue Modelling

Scaled laboratory experiments using silicone polymers, granular sand, and layered viscous materials to replicate tectonic and volcanic processes under controlled conditions. Quantifies fault geometry, strain localisation, and plume–lithosphere interaction kinematics.

Numerical · Mantle Convection
ASPECT

Advanced Solver for Problems in Earth's ConvecTion — finite-element mantle convection code. Used for planetary interior simulations: thermochemical evolution, plume dynamics, and lithospheric thickening under single-lid regimes on Venus, Mars, and icy moons.

Numerical · Geomechanics
LaMEM

Lithosphere and Mantle Evolution Model — massively parallel staggered-grid finite-difference code for coupled geodynamic and geomechanical problems. Applied to lithospheric deformation, viscoelastoplastic fault systems, rifting, and compressional tectonic regimes.

Numerical · Impact
iSALE

Impact Simplified Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian hydrocode — simulates hypervelocity impact cratering, shock-wave propagation, melt generation, and crater scaling in planetary materials. Applied to multi-ring basin formation and impact-driven tectonic responses in icy and rocky targets.

Development

Numerical Geodynamics
Code Development

Beyond running simulations, I contribute to the development, benchmarking, and extension of open-source geodynamics codes — implementing planetary rheology modules, new material models, and post-processing pipelines.

ASPECT
C++  ·  deal.II  ·  Trilinos

Planetary interior model contributions: non-Newtonian viscosity laws for stagnant-lid regimes, thermal boundary condition modules for Venus and Mars, and benchmarks for plume–lithosphere interaction under single-lid planetary conditions.

Viscosity models Planetary BCs Benchmarks
LaMEM
C  ·  PETSc  ·  MPI

Ice-shell rheology modules for icy moon applications; cryogenic-temperature extensions of viscoelastoplastic constitutive laws; parallel scaling benchmarks for compressional tectonic setups; graben and thrust fault formation test cases.

Ice rheology Parallel scaling Icy moon modules
iSALE
Fortran  ·  Python

Post-processing pipelines for impact melt volume, shock pressure mapping, and tectonic response analysis; equation-of-state tables for planetary silicates and ices; Python visualisation tools extending pySALEPlot for multi-layer icy target simulations.

EOS tables pySALEPlot Icy targets